Can it Explain why the United States has Higher Crime Rates Than Other Essay

Can it Explain why the United States has Higher Crime Rates Than otherwise Countries - Essay ExampleIn criminology, the affectionate Bonding Theory (which was earlier known as the Social Control Theory) proposes that exploiting the process societalization and social learnedness builds self-control and reduces the inclination to indulge in such behavior that is considered and recognize as antisocial. The Social Bond Theory proposes that peoples relationships, commitments, values, norms, and beliefs encourage them not to break the law. (Wikipedia, 2006). The Social Bond Theory has evolved dramatically throughout the years, not only with its titled name, but through the separately distinguished proposals of different persons, and also by the authority it has been accepted and understood by not only criminologists themselves, but also the world in general. The evolution of this theory is of particular importance, and the originality of it must be recognized and understood just as m uch as the modern day from of the theory.The Social Bond Theory is a topic of great discussion and level greater importance, in that its assistance and propositions in regards to criminology feed aided the field in many ways. There are several different forms of the theory itself, which have been proposed by several persons over the years, and yet each theorys basis remains the same - to understand the ways in which it is possible to reduce the likelihood of wrong developing in individuals, which is, of course, a dramatically new stance in criminology altogether. The purpose of this paper is to review and understand the different perspectives and proposals which have been taken on the Social Bond Theory, the importance of the theory itself, and to thoroughly discuss each of the assumptions, propositions, empirical findings, and other primary key elements of the Social Bond Theory. This is what will be dissertated in the following. Literature ReviewOut of the many different assump tions taken on the Social Bond Theory, there are six which are specially prominent. These six persons consist of (in chronological order) Albert J. Reiss, capital of Mississippi Toby, F. Ivan Nye, Walter Reckless, David Matza, and Travis Hirschi.The earliest form of the theory was proposed by Albert J. Reiss, who proposed that delinquency was behavior consequent to the harm of personal and social controls. (Reiss, 1951 196). Reiss believed that the failure to internalize socially accepted and prescribed norms of behavior, as well as the lack of social rules that prescribe behavior in the family, the school, and other important social groups are all also evidently important in the proposal of the Social Bond Theory. Reiss also proposed that the main factor was that personal control problems stem from a juveniles inability to refrain from meeting their needs in a psychiatric sense. Reiss theory launched a series of studies into insulation and vulnerability factors affecting delinqu ency.Jackson Toby was another early theorist with his own separate take on the Social Bond Theory. He was the first to introduce the concept of stakes in conformity, which in the simplest terms dealt with how much a person has to lose when he or she breaks the law. Toby (1957)